Apple is a hardware company. Google is a search based ads company. Their different heritages lead to different experiences for their users.
The iPhone world has lovely hardware from only one company. They produce information appliances with a more singular style and design decisions. You always know where you stand in the iPhone world and, as long as you don't hold on too long, there's good support for your phone. Accessories are easier to find because there are few models. There are a few manufacturers of high end Android devices, including Google themselves, Samsung, and Motorola, but luckily for the cheapskates among us, there are Android flagship phones, bargain phones, and mid-rangers. Each manufacturer makes a slightly different set of choices for each of its lines of phones so consumers have more options. Choice may lead to a scarcity of accessories for a less popular model, though.
Apple often pushes technology in good directions like the Lightning connector that is clearly better than the USB micro B connector Android started with, but they made it Apple exclusive. I added a Lightning cable to my bag and iPhone users are often surprised that I have one. Luckily, USB C was next and made a perfect phone connector and even a laptop everything-in-one connector. Android phones moved to USB-C, even Apple MacBooks moved to exclusively using USB-C, but then Apple stayed exclusive and kept the Lightning connector on phones for a long time -- even selling a USB-C to Lightning cable so their phones could connect to their laptops. I think exclusivity was more important than connectivity.
I believe Apple and iPhone are about exclusivity. Your entire family ends up with the premium brand and there is pressure for your friends to join the club, too. Ever tried to take a picture and share it with a friend that doesn't have an Apple device with a camera and an iCloud account? You can text limited resolution images and you can email attachments. You can't have an iCloud account unless you have a MacBook or an iPhone. You can't have picture storage in an iCloud account unless you have a device with a camera.
I believe Google is about getting all of your information into the Google world where they can use it to sell ads. The good side of this is that they want your Google account to work everywhere and everyone can have a Google account. You don't even need to buy a phone. Google Photos lets you share an album of pictures -- but if you try to view it on an iPhone, Google will try to get Google Photos installed and Google Photos will want to upload all your pictures to a Google account. Google Photos albums do work easily in email and can be viewed in a normal browser at least.